SCLC #729 · 1857–1859 Tonawanda settlement · funded repurchase not automatic cancel
After Fellows, the Nov. 5, 1857 Tonawanda treaty (Senate June 4, 1858; proclaimed Mar. 31, 1859; 11 Stat. 735–40) acknowledged earlier arrangements unexecuted as to Tonawanda (~650 resident). Art. I: band relinquishes western-removal claims and other 1838/1842 claims (except sums paid/payable by Ogden & Fellows). Art. II: United States promises $256,000 paid/invested. Art. III: purchase of all or portions of the reservation from Ogden/Fellows, paid from the $256k, ordinarily average ≤$20/acre; fee to Interior Secretary in trust until NY designates similar trustee. Supplemental articles: above-$20 average only with presidential/officer approval. Art. IV: if entire reservation not purchased, unpurchased unimproved lands surrender within 30 days of proclamation; improved by June 1, 1859. Art. VI conditions investment on possibility of purchasing at least 6,500 acres. Separate Art. VII on $15,018.36 improvement money.
Source: README. Craft: funded repurchase mechanism ≠ automatic treaty cancellation; ≤$20 ordinary ≠ above-$20 exception without approval; separate surrender clocks ≠ single deadline; authorization-to-purchase ≠ quantity actually repurchased; $256k pool ≠ improvement pool.